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更新時(shi)間：2024-06-10

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多年修復解決西門子系統報F31125編碼器故障分析；
編碼器的硬件故障
網口接頭損壞
伺服電機連接線檢查 
故障原因:編碼器與伺服模塊之間通訊錯誤,數據不能正常傳送。2、處理方法:在該報警中牽涉三個環節:編碼器,電纜,伺服模塊。先檢測電纜接口,再輕輕晃動電纜,注意看是否有報警,如果有,修理或更換電纜。在排除電纜原因后,可采用置換法,對編碼器和伺服模塊進行進一步確認。
伺服電機正余弦編碼器的相位對齊方式如下：
1.用一個直流電源給電機的UV繞組通以小于額定電流的直流電，U入，V出，將電機軸定向至一個平衡位置;
2.用示波器觀察正余弦編碼器的C信號波形;
3.調整編碼器轉軸與電機軸的相對位置;
4.一邊調整，一邊觀察C信號波形，直到由低到高的過零點準確出現在電機軸的定向平衡位置處，鎖定編碼器與電機的相對位置關系;
5.來回扭轉電機軸，撒手后，若電機軸每次自由回復到平衡位置時，過零點都能準確復現，則對齊有效。
撤掉直流電源后，驗證如下：
1.用示波器觀察編碼器的C相信號和電機的UV線反電勢波形;
2.轉動電機軸，編碼器的C相信號由低到高的過零點與電機的UV線反電勢波形由低到高的過零點重合。
此時C信號的過零點與電機電角度相位的-30度點對齊。
如果可接入正余弦編碼器的伺服驅動器能夠為用戶提供從C、D中獲取的單圈絕對位置信息，則可以考慮：
1.用一個直流電源給電機的UV繞組通以小于額定電流的直流電，U入，V出，將電機軸定向至一個平衡位置;
2.利用伺服驅動器讀取并顯示從C、D信號中獲取的單圈絕對位置信息;
3.調整旋變軸與電機軸的相對位置;
4.經過上述調整，使顯示的絕對位置值充分接近根據電機的極對數折算出來的電機-30度電角度所應對應的絕對位置點，鎖定編碼器與電機的相對位置關系;
5.來回扭轉電機軸，撒手后，若電機軸每次自由回復到平衡位置時，上述折算絕對位置點都能準確復現，則對齊有效。
多年修復解決西門子系統報F31125編碼器故障；
西門子數控系統維修技術不僅是保障正常運行的前提，對數控技術的發展和完善也起到了巨大的推動作用，因此，目前它已經成為一門專門的學科。
另外任何一臺數控設備都是一種過程控制設備，這就要求它在實時控制的每一時刻都準確無誤地工作。任何部分的故障與失效，都會使機床停機，從而造成生產停頓。因而對數控系統這樣原理復雜、結構精密的裝置進行維修就顯得十分必要了。尤其對引進的CNC機床，大多花費了幾十萬到上千萬美元。在許多行業中，這些設備均處于關鍵的工作崗位，若在出現故障后不及時維修排除故障，就會造成較大的經濟損失。我們現有的維修狀況和水平，與國外進口設備的設計與制造技術水平還存在很大的差距。造成差距的原因在于：人員素質較差，缺乏數字測試分析手段，數域和數域與頻域綜合方面的測試分析技術等有待提高等等。
目前世界上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)西門子數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)種類(lei)繁多(duo)，形(xing)式各(ge)(ge)(ge)異(yi)，組成(cheng)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)上(shang)都(dou)有(you)(you)各(ge)(ge)(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)。這些結(jie)構(gou)(gou)特點(dian)來(lai)(lai)(lai)源于系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)初始設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)要(yao)求和(he)(he)(he)工(gong)程設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)思(si)路。例如對點(dian)位(wei)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)(he)連續軌跡控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)就有(you)(you)截然不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。對于T系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)(he)M系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，同(tong)(tong)樣也(ye)(ye)有(you)(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)區別，前者適用于回轉體零件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)工(gong)，后者適合(he)(he)于異(yi)形(xing)非(fei)回轉體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)工(gong)。對于不(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產廠家來(lai)(lai)(lai)說，基(ji)于歷史發展(zhan)因素(su)以及(ji)各(ge)(ge)(ge)自因地(di)而異(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜因素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，在設計(ji)思(si)想上(shang)也(ye)(ye)可能各(ge)(ge)(ge)有(you)(you)千秋(qiu)。例如，美國Dynapath系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)采用小板結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，便于板子更換和(he)(he)(he)靈(ling)活結(jie)合(he)(he)，而日本(ben)FANUC系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)則趨向大(da)板結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，使之有(you)(you)利于系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠性，促使系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平均*率不(bu)斷提高。然而無論(lun)哪種系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，它(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)原(yuan)理和(he)(he)(he)構(gou)(gou)成(cheng)是十分相似的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。一般整個數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)由(you)三大(da)部(bu)分組成(cheng)，即(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，伺(si)服(fu)(fu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)(he)位(wei)置測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)按加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)程序進行插補(bu)運(yun)算，發出控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)指(zhi)令到(dao)伺(si)服(fu)(fu)驅動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)；伺(si)服(fu)(fu)驅動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)將控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)指(zhi)令放大(da)，由(you)伺(si)服(fu)(fu)電機(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)機(ji)械按要(yao)求運(yun)動(dong)(dong)；測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)檢測(ce)(ce)機(ji)械的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)位(wei)置或速(su)度，并反(fan)饋到(dao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，來(lai)(lai)(lai)修正(zheng)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)指(zhi)令。這三部(bu)分有(you)(you)機(ji)結(jie)合(he)(he)，組成(cheng)完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閉(bi)環控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。